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What is Pneumococcus (More Information)
Pneumococci normally occur in the upper respiratory tract .
The phenomenon of transformation —an alteration of one cell by another—was first observed in these organisms in 1928 .
Colonies formed by pneumococci usually are small , round , and smooth .
Occasional mutant rough colonies are produced by organisms that cannot synthesize the capsular material .
When a rough colony is grown in the presence of genetic material ( deoxyribonucleic acid) from a smooth colony , the rough colony is transformed into a smooth one .
The disease-causing ability of pneumococci resides in the capsule , which delays or prevents their destruction by phagocytes , cells in the bloodstream that normally engulf foreign material .
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