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Organic psychoses -
Dementia
Dementia is the gradual and progressive loss of such intellectual abilities as remembering, thinking, paying attention, and perceiving; it is often a chronic condition. Delirium is a clouded, confused state of consciousness and is usually only a temporary condition. Dementia is the principal syndrome in the most common and widespread organic psychosis, Alzheimer's disease. An elderly person with this disease experiences chronic confusion and loss of memory and may experience paranoia or other personality changes. The memory loss becomes more and more far-reaching, and the patient gradually becomes lethargic, inactive, and then dies. Disturbances in the blood supply to the brain caused by cerebral arteriosclerosis (hardening of the arteries) produce symptoms similar to those of Alzheimer's disease.
Chronic alcoholics often exhibit psychotic symptoms. Alcohol-induced brain damage can result in memory defects and a major decline in intellectual abilities and social skills. Poisoning, head injuries, syphilis, brain tumours, and neurologic abnormalities such as epilepsy can produce a variety of symptoms resembling the psychoses.
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