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Immunosuppressants
Both polyclonal and monoclonal antibodies are used in the prevention and treatment of transplant rejection. Antithymocyte globulin is a highly effective immunosuppressant. Antibodies, including muromonab-CD3, directed at a particular protein on the surface of T cells (CD3 antigen) have also proved to be highly effective immunosuppressive agents. Daclizumab and basiliximab, which have been produced with recombinant DNA technology, bind to a receptor found only on the surface of activated T cells. Infliximab is an antibody that binds to the cytokine tumour necrosis factor alpha (TNFa), which prevents TNFa from binding to its receptor. TNFa is thought to play a role in the development of rheumatoid arthritis and Crohn disease, and infliximab, which blocks the activity of TNFa, has been shown to be beneficial in the treatment of patients with these inflammatory diseases.
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