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The common cold Prevention
Once a virus becomes established on the respiratory surface of the nose, its activities irritate the nose's cells, which respond by pouring out streams of clear fluid. This fluid acts to dilute the virus and clear it from the nose. The sensory organs in the nose are stung by the inflammatory reaction, thereby setting up sneezing, a second method of expelling the virus. If the virus penetrates more deeply into the upper respiratory tract, coughing is added to the infected person's symptoms in a further effort to get rid of the virus. Symptoms abate as the host's defenses increase, the clear fluid often changing to a thick fluid that is full of the debris of dead cells.
The common cold is the expression of an open fight between a rhinovirus and the host's defenses. It takes place in a restricted field, the nasal epithelium (covering layer), but it has, in miniature, all of the characteristics of the wider encounters between human beings and viruses that mark some of the more serious infectious diseases.
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