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The importance of early prevention of disease like poliomyelitis, has been most convincingly shown through active immunization programs . Before the vaccine was known, more than 20,000 cases of paralytic disease occurred in the United States alone every year. With use of the vaccine after 1961, by 1981 a record low of only six cases was recorded. Polio vaccine schedules cannot be taken casually, Because aim sould be in completely eliminating this clinical disease. Low immunization rates are still evident in children in certain disadvantaged urban and rural groups, among which most of the cases of paralytic disease continue to occur.
Live trivalent oral poliovirus vaccine (TOPV) is used for routine mass immunization but is not recommended for patients with altered states of immunity (for example, those suffering from cancer or a congenital or acquired immune deficiency disease, or those receiving immunosuppressive therapy) or for children whose siblings are known to suffer an immune deficiency disease. Inactivated poliovirus vaccine (PV) is used for immunodeficient or immunosuppressed patients and for the primary immunization of adults because of their greater susceptibility to paralytic disease.
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