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Prevention and Treatment
The early diagnosis and prompt treatment of meningitis is particularly important in preventing possible permanent damage to the brain, especially in affected children. Meningococcal meningitis is best treated with penicillin.
Cases caused by H. influenzae are treated with ampicillin or chloramphenicol. These drugs have reduced mortality rates from bacterial meningitis to less than 5 percent in some areas.
A vaccine that gives protection against the type b strain of H. influenzae became commercially available in the 1980s and has proved effective in safeguarding infants and children from the disease.
To control the spread of meningitis caused by Haemophilus influenzae or Neisseria meningitis, the antibiotic derivative rifampin should be administered to any who have come in contact with the disease.
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