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Home » Depression » Panic-disorder » Panic disorder
Panic disorder is characterized by four panic attacks within a four-week period or one or more panic attacks followed by at least a month of persistent fear of having another attack. A panic attack is the sudden onset of intense apprehension, fear, or terror and at least four of the following conditions: shortness of breath or a smothering sensation, palpitations or accelerated heart rate, chest pain or discomfort, choking, dizziness or faintness, trembling or shaking, sweating, nausea or abdominal distress, a feeling of unreality, numbness or tingling, hot flashes or chills, fear of dying, and fear of “going crazy,” or losing control. A panic attack is unexpected and does not immediately precede or follow a stressful situation, although the person who experiences the attack usually is in a period of increased stress. Because somatic symptoms play a prominent role in a panic attack, it is easy to mistake the attack for other problems such as heart disease or a gastrointestinal problem. Fortunately, the condition responds well to treatment consisting of pharmacotherapy and supportive counseling by the family physician.
There is a close association between panic disorder and depression, and a large percentage of persons suffering from panic disorder go on to experience a major depression within the next few years. Such antidepressants as imipramine and desipramine are the most effective treatment for panic disorder and may also provide effective relief of any associated depressive symptoms.
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